Pengaruh Masukan Udara Pada Ruang Bakar Boiler Tipe Pipa Api Untuk Kapasitas 100 Kg/Jam Terhadap Distribusi Suhu Di Ruang Bakar

Abstrak

Many mini boilers operate with suboptimal combustion chamber designs, leading to energy waste and low steam production. This study investigates the effect of air inlet variations in a fire-tube boiler with a capacity of 100 kg/h. The experimental method was applied by varying airflow velocities at 3 m/s, 5 m/s, 7 m/s, 9 m/s, 11 m/s, 13 m/s, 15 m/s, and 17 m/s. The results show that the optimal airflow velocity is 11 m/s, achieving the highest efficiency of 86% at a pressure of 1 bar. At this optimal velocity, the furnace temperature demonstrates good stability and moderation, indicating a more uniform heat distribution. In contrast, excessively low (3 m/s) or high (17 m/s) airflow velocities cause significant temperature fluctuations and efficiency losses due to incomplete combustion or excessive cooling. This study concludes that precise control of air supply, particularly at 11 m/s, is essential to achieve uniform temperature distribution and maximum thermal efficiency in the boiler combustion chamber. The implications highlight the crucial role of airflow optimization in improving boiler performance and energy conservation.